approaches, including identifying families of problem instances in combinatorial optimization where QIP is likely to have the biggest impact. Proposed research should investigate innovative approaches that enable revolutionary advances in science, devices, and NISQ systems. Specifically excluded is research that primarily results in evolutionary improvements to the existing state of practice. For the purposes of this BAA, QIP refers to quantum information processing using noisy, non-fault-tolerant devices. The advancement of fully fault-tolerant quantum computation is outside the scope of this BAA. Quantum annealing approaches are also explicitly excluded.