This program funds projects that improve the safety, efficiency, and reliability of intercity passenger and freight rail.

Eligible Applicants: 1. A State (including the District of Columbia). 2. A group of States. 3. An Interstate Compact. 4. A public agency or publicly chartered authority established by 1 or more States. 5. A political subdivision of a State. 6. Amtrak or another rail carrier that provides intercity rail passenger transportation (as rail carrier and intercity rail passenger transportation are defined in section 24102). 7. A Class II railroad or Class III railroad, including any holding company of a Class II railroad or Class III railroad (as those terms are defined in section 20102). 8. An association representing 1 or more railroads described in paragraph (7). 9. A federally recognized Indian Tribe. 10. Any rail carrier or rail equipment manufacturer in partnership with at least 1 of the entities described in paragraphs (1) through (5). 11. The Transportation Research Board and any entity with which it contracts in the development of rail-related research, including cooperative research programs. 12. A University transportation center engaged in rail-related research. 13. A non-profit labor organization representing a class or craft of employees of rail carriers or rail carrier contractors.

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