drought, wildfires, invasive species, dam operations), and thus restoring them is of great importance to improve their recreational and conservation values. Evaluating the efficacy of different restoration approaches, both in terms of vegetation changes and the functional values of the vegetation, is key for informing the efficient and effective use of limited resources available for riparian restoration.This Funding Opportunity is aimed at assessing riparian restoration techniques, target habitats, and bird population responses to restoration efforts in the lower Colorado River basin including the Colorado River delta and Bill Williams River. Work is to be focused on analyzing existing datasets related to restoration actions, vegetation cover, land cover, system hydrology, and responses of dozens of bird species over time. Riparian systems and their restoration are strongly dependent on appropriate surface and ground water conditions; therefore, hydrologic expertise is essential for evaluating restoration efforts and outcomes. Assessments may include not only the outcomes such as functionality of restored habitats in terms of wildlife habitat, but also functionality of areas for recreation, or other resource management objectives.This project will provide resource managers with better information on which to base decisions regarding riparian restoration efforts and the effects of different riparian restoration approaches on wildlife habitat and bird populations. Cooperation between the USGS and its CESU partner brings a combination of expertise to address this objective that is greater than that possessed by either partner on its own.